“La desconexión laboral en la prevención de riesgos psicosociales: Revisión de políticas en países de Chile, Argentina, México y Colombia (2018-2025)"

Abstract

This thesis analyzes work disconnection as a strategy for preventing psychosocial risks in Chile, Argentina, Mexico, and Colombia during the period 2018–2025. The research is a comprehensive systematic review that examines 21 scientific documents and 7 regulatory documents, using search queries in academic and institutional databases. The findings reveal significant regulatory heterogeneity among countries, highlighting critical gaps between formal regulations and their effective implementation. Colombia stands out for adopting a universal approach applicable to all work modalities, while Chile, Argentina, and Mexico limit regulation to teleworking. The effectiveness of the policies varies between 18% and 40% depending on the rigor of implementation, operating primarily as a primary intervention that modifies underlying organizational conditions. The analysis identifies three emerging psychosocial risks: technostress (prevalence 32–68%), work-related techno-addiction, and cyberchondria, which co-occur, generating complex syndromes of psychosocial impact. The study concludes that effective disconnection reduces work-related stress, improves sleep quality by an average of 23 minutes, and decreases burnout syndrome. The main barriers include organizational pressure to normalize work, the architecture of digital platforms that perpetuate connectivity, the lack of sanctions against unauthorized access, and regulatory ambiguity. The research proposes a sequential implementation that prioritizes institutional capacity before additional regulation, emphasizing the fundamental requirement of organizational cultural transformation