Evaluación preliminar del comportamiento de láminas de caucho reciclado como elemento de apoyo en modelos de vigas simplemente apoyadas sometidas a vibraciones horizontales

Abstract

The purpose of the present project, is to carry out a preliminary evaluation in an experimental way by means of numerical simulation of the effectiveness of recycled tire rubber plates as a support element in a physical model of simply supported beams. For this study, three (3) physic models were elaborated, in which their own dimensions and the frequencies used for the test, were considered in function of the capacity of the element in with the test where carried out (vibrating table for engineering test); the models were instrumented with sensors and were subjected to horizontal movements in order to determine through the displacement, the behavior patterns of the structure according to the type of support that each of these models had, considering important aspects such as: model 1 doesn’t have any recycled tire rubber sheets incorporated, model 2, was fitted with plates in the lower part of the two beams, and model 3 has them incorporated in the lateral faces of the beams. All the models were tested on a small-scale vibrating table, whose platform has dimensions of 1m x 1m and subsequently the vibrations were recorded in real time. Later, we could carry out the calibration of the numerical prototype in which it was possible to model the specimen under the same conditions thanks to the analytical and methodological tools of the SAP 2000 software, this time with the traditional neoprene sheets incorporated in the same positions of the physical model, and subjected to the same efforts and vibrations.

The results obtained experimentally, were compared among themselves using the data of the physical-mechanical properties of the neoprene which have been object of study in different works, and are defined commercially, and those of the rubber sheets given by the supplier. Subsequently, a functional analysis of the incorporation of these sheets of recycled rubber in the structures of the model was carried out, concluding that the incorporation of these sheets, tends to show signs of improvement in the functional behavior of the structure every time evidence a reduction of the shear in the beams and the moments in the boards. However, there is an important aspect to consider and it is the increase in displacements, this allows to conclude that the structure presents liberation of efforts, and it leaves open the possibility of performing experimental tests in future investigations, in models of different scale, with the In order to determine, through structural correlations, economic and environmental studies whether the use of these recycled rubber sheets is viable as an elastomeric support element in real structures, and in this way to propose environmentally friendly alternatives for recycling the tires of vehicles .