Evaluación de la prevalencia de caninos maxilares impactados y su manejo ortodóncico en las clínicas de ortodoncia de la Universidad Santo Tomás de Floridablanca

Abstract

Introduction: Canine teeth are considered the "cornerstone" of the dental arch within the human development process, so the prevalence of impaction considerably affects dental functionality and aesthetics. For this reason, it was decided to develop this investigation. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines and their orthodontic management in patients over 8 years of age from the orthodontic postgraduate clinics of the Santo Tomás University of Floridablanca from 2016 to 2023. Methodology: cross-sectional study, with a sample of 101 patients, older than 8 years, treated between 2016 and 2023. In addition to evaluating the sociodemographic variables, the prevalence of impaction, location, prognosis according to Ericson and Kurol classification, type of management, type of treatment and adverse effect were analyzed. A review of the panoramic radiographs was performed and finally, a descriptive analysis of the information was carried out in STATA 14.0. Results: 51.5% (n=53) correspond to the male gender with an average age of 15.4 between a range of 8 to 47 years. Impaction of upper maxillary canines occurs in 3.5% (n=101), occurring more frequently in 2020 with 4.44% (n=18). Impaction of the upper right canine prevails in 34.6% (n=36), managed with traction in its entirety, with anchoring and chain methods in 30% (n=31), with a favorable prognosis in 54.7 %(n=58) and without the presence of adverse effects in 88.2% (n=89). Conclusion: A prevalence of maxillary canine impaction of 3.5% of patients seen between 2016 and 2023 at the USTA dental clinic was evident.