Control óptimo aplicado al proceso de descomposición de residuos orgánicos

Abstract

Solid waste has caused negative environmental impacts due to its inadequate disposal and because they are increasingly, a matter associated with the increase of the human population, the processes of industrial transformation (globalization), and the consumption habits of individuals. One of the most used techniques in Colombia for the use of urban organic solid waste is vermicomposting which is defined as decomposition of organic waste by the Californian earthworm [1]. Vermicomposting is a biotechnology that takes advantage of the biological capabilities of earthworms for the recycling of organic materials, however, technology has not focused much in this area, therefore, this project aims to perform an optimal control that allows controlling the variable of plant temperature since it is one of the most important aspects for worms because it depends on the rate of reproduction of this. Under this order of ideas, it is necessary to find in the first instance the mathematical model that describes the behavior of the system. Then, perform the validation of this to determine the percentage of approximation that it has regarding the real response of the system. Subsequently apply the different design techniques of the PID controllers, and implement the controller that demonstrates better simulation behavior, followed by designing and implementing the optimal controller in the system. Finally, the results of the implementation of the controllers must be analyzed, comparing the responses of the different control loops and determining which of the two is the one with the lowest energy expenditure and an optimal behavior for the system.