Estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas mediadas por el arte y la lúdica que fortalecen el enfoque de educación intercultural en la propuesta formativa de una institución educativa en Pueblo Bello (Cesar) – Colombia
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2022-04-22
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Resumen
Partiendo de la importancia que reviste a nivel estratégico dentro de la sociedad el
conocimiento, la igualdad, el valor individual y el respeto entre pares, la presente investigación
tuvo como objetivo general fortalecer el enfoque de educación intercultural en la propuesta
formativa de la Escuela Jorge Eliécer Gaitán del Municipio de Pueblo Bello – Cesar, a través del
diseño de estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas mediadas por la lúdica y el arte.
Para lograr esto, se planteó una propuesta investigativa bajo un enfoque cualitativo
basado en la Investigación - Acción (IA) inmerso dentro del paradigma crítico-social, con la
utilización del cuestionario dirigido a los estudiantes (25) de grado Cuarto, la entrevista dirigida
a los docentes (3), coordinadores académicos (2) y rectora (1), la observación y el diario de
campo para la recolección de la información.
Se develó en los resultados de la aplicación de la estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas
que para fortalecer el enfoque de educación intercultural en la propuesta formativa de la Escuela
Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, se logró la participación de los estudiantes, docentes, orientadora escolar y
directivos docentes, donde se incluyó en el cronograma institucional el día de la
interculturalidad, se compartieron las creencias orales de cada grupo étnico, se aprendió a
elaborar diversas artesanías comprendiendo y valorando su significado, se observó que el juego
es un elemento fundamental para promover la interculturalidad, ya que permitió mejorar las
relaciones interpersonales entre los alumnos, padres y docentes, además de promover el respeto e
integración sin importar raza o etnia, dándole el valor y el lugar que le corresponde a cada
persona.
Abstract
One of the most outstanding characteristics of Colombia is its multicultural composition,
which is largely based on the ethnic variety of the peoples that compose it since each of these has
a unique value within the country, making significant contributions in the construction of the
nation.
Therefore, it is important to highlight that the term multiculturalism and all that it
implies, is heard at the national level in all scenarios, and the educational field is one of them
therefore, many times in educational practice cultural and ideological conflicts are evident,
something that is common throughout Latin America and Colombia is no stranger to this.
Therefore, the school must be that space that enables coexistence and the exchange of thoughts,
where interculturality is highlighted as that instrument of intellectual advancement and peace.
A nation that promotes multiculturalism is one that favors diversity that fights against
segregation, racism and any sign of exclusion that is based on the interrelation of the different
groups that compose it. But this implies training its citizens in interculturality, dialogue and
respect, in order to offer minority groups the opportunity to cooperate from their cultural codes
in a dialogue of equality, which uproots the ethnocentric, paternalistic or cultural relativism
positioning.
Therefore, an education oriented from interculturality is an education centered on man,
and one of the most relevant challenges of the educational system in Colombia is to educate from
humanism, from the recognition of the other as oneself. Therefore, in the Jorge Eliécer Gaitán
School of the Municipality of Pueblo Bello, it is necessary to design pedagogical and didactic
strategies that help strengthen the intercultural education approach in the formative proposal of
the institution since it has a multiethnic population.
One of the essential objectives of the teaching processes should be the training of
students with a high social commitment, where their scientific knowledge is not part of the
patrimony of their personal wealth only, but that of the whole society in general.
It is therefore necessary to try to train a student who, in addition to possessing the
aforementioned characteristics, is prepared to face difficult, contradictory situations, fight against
individualism, competition, careerism and other difficulties that are typical of today's society,
therefore, a teaching process focused on the transmission of knowledge merely without the
practical application of the same is a limited and incomplete process, because the student does
not have the necessary tools, strategies and relevant mechanisms that allow him to regulate his
behavior and assume an active, reflective, conscious and responsible position in the decision
making and solution of the problems that will be presented to him in life.
Therefore, with the strengthening of the intercultural education approach at the Jorge
Eliécer Gaitán School, students in a creative and innovative way will strengthen and strengthen
their cultural identity as part of their life project. Likewise, it is relevant to keep in mind that
educational contexts are fundamental for this purpose, because it is the foundation of much of the
formation of the human being.
Likewise, this research made it possible to develop a process that involved the
interrelation between different cultures where respect, inclusion and tolerance prevail, in such a
way that it was possible to design and implement pedagogical and didactic strategies that help
strengthen the approach of intercultural education in the training proposal of the Jorge Eliécer
Gaitán School of the Municipality of Pueblo Bello – Cesar, appealing to the qualitative
methodology and methodological development of research through instruments such as
observation, survey and field diary.
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Bohorquez, E (2022) Estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas mediadas por el arte y la lúdica que fortalecen el enfoque de educación intercultural en la propuesta formativa de una institución educativa en Pueblo Bello (Cesar) - Colombia. Universidad Santo Tomás
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