Caracterización Hidro-Geométrica Experimental Utilizando Trazadores Salinos Asociado Con Fotogrametría En Un Canal A Escala Y De Pendiente Variable Como Modelo Físico De Canales Abiertos No Prismáticos.

Abstract

This research seeks to propose a technique for the collection and processing of the hydraulic characteristics of an open experimental non-prismatic artificial channel of known dimensions, using as a main component for the study the use of saline tracers and a photogrammetric component and evaluating their accuracy by contrasting the hydraulic characteristics with a hydro-geometric characterization made through the Wading methodology, area-speed method. For the experimentation a non-prismatic pvc channel model with a diameter of 10 "and 4.5 meters long was designed and manufactured, covered with glass fiber reinforced with polyester, which managed to operate with flow rates between 0.5 l / s and 2.5 l / s, some slopes between 0% and 1%, a maximum height of water sheet of 14 centimeters., installed in the hydraulic bench FC-300TQ-7m, located in the Hydraulics laboratory of the Santo Tomás University, Villavicencio. The two methodologies were evaluated, studying the application and the implications of each, studying the application times and the magnitude of the work involved, finding an average ratio of 86.84% of all the hydraulic characteristics found by the Wading method and the tracer and photogrammetry method. Likewise, a geometric and mathematical analysis was carried out that allowed to find the values of wet perimeter, as a contribution of new knowledge the mathematical relationship was developed that establishes a range of approximation of 93.69% to the perimeter depending on the hydraulic depth and the wetted area ( P = πD_h + √ (A_m)). At the same time hydraulic correlations of great relevance were found, such as the relation between the hydraulic depth and the depth of the sheet, the latter represents a proportion of 80% of the depth of the sheet, taking into account this, a relation of 96% was found. between sheet depth values found by the presented ratio and the sheet depth values measured in the laboratory. An important relationship was also found between the roughness values found methodologically and the roughness values established bibliographically, which validates to a large extent the method for obtaining this value and in turn supports the variation that exists in the roughness of a channel according to its characteristics.