Modalidades y tecnologías de enseñanza en la educación superior: ejercicio cienciométrico y de minería de texto

Abstract

Currently, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) assume an important challenge in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals, especially in relation to objective 4 called Quality Education; For the educational offer of the HEIs to be timely and respond to the needs of the environment, it is necessary to adopt the new teaching-learning modalities and the new technologies that promote an educational reform that promotes the promotion of knowledge in the new realities. In Colombia, the HEIs compete with the national and international offer, so it is crucial to identify educational trends and references in the modalities of training and teaching methods in Higher Education, for this, a technological surveillance exercise was developed with the application of the analysis bibliometric and text mining that yielded the following results: a growing trend is observed in the dissemination of research papers, in which 2020 and 2021 are the years of greatest scientific activity, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate annual growth (2010 -2022) was 23.35% with R² = 0.9912; Most of the publications are in Social Sciences (32%), followed by Computer Sciences (29%), Engineering (12%), Medicine (5%) and Mathematics (4%); The leading countries in this production are the United States with 3,413 (15.07%), followed by the United Kingdom with 1,894 (8.36%), Spain with 1,762 (7.78%) and China with 1,567 (6.92%). At the Latin American level, Brazil contributed 471 (2.08%) documents, followed by Mexico with 310 (1.37%), Colombia with 194 (0.86%), Ecuador with 156 (0.69%); From the analysis of key terms, e-learning and online learning stand out as the modalities with the greatest approach by researchers. On the other hand, from the identification of the offer of the Bucaramanga campus of the Universidad Santo Tomás, specific scientometric analyzes were carried out for the areas of knowledge related to each academic division, with which the leading institutions in educational innovation were identified throughout the world and Latin America. Finally, a review of the trends in teaching and learning methodologies was carried out, of which the implementation of e-learning, hybrid methodologies with flexible face-to-face training, training through micro-credentials, and the need to adopt the technologies implemented in education 4.0 such as Big data, artificial intelligence, robotics, and the Internet of Things (IoT).