Evaluación del volumen de sacrificio de animales de la especie equina en una planta de sacrificio autorizada ubicada en el municipio de Mosquera (Cundinamarca) y análisis de la trazabilidad de la carne.

Abstract

The project was to determine the amount of sacrifice of animals of the equine species and carry out the characterization of the marketing system of animals and meat of the equine species around a processing plant located in the municipality of Mosquera (Cundinamarca). Qualitative variables were evaluated as quantitative as sex and weight (BW), hot carcass weight (PCC) and carcass yield (RC) from the slaughtered animals. Six wholesale marketers were surveyed and characterized by analyzing qualitative and quantitative variables related to the general information of the owner, purchase of animals, conditions of carriage horses for slaughter, sale and marketing of horse meat and usable products. We quantified a total of 5946 animals slaughtered at an average of 1487 animals / month. He reported the following averages: for PV (259.9 + 2.7 kg), PCC (144.6 ± 1.7 kg) and RC (55.4 + 0.21%). As for the variables PV, PCC and RC regarding sex of slaughtered animals, the major averages were obtained by the males. As for the characterization of the marketing system found that marketers engaged in this activity from long ago and to date belong to any unionization. Horses for slaughter from the departments of Casanare, Meta, Arauca, Sucre, Caldas and Valle del Cauca. The parameters used by marketers purchase in order of importance are the weight, body condition, price, condition, age and sex. It was found that the transport conditions of these animals are deficient. The volume of animals slaughtered by trader varies from 21 to 80 animals/week, being the main destination of the meat processing industry, followed by fresh meat outlets in the city of Bogota. Finally, we found that no records a brand marketer, use marketing strategies and export of the meat product made. In conclusion, the meat chain of the equine species in our country has a low development from the point of view of production and agribusiness, mainly due to factors related to the absence of equine production systems, low number of specialized mills, hiding in the market, coupled with consumer rejection due to ignorance of the nutritional benefits of meat and a cultural factor, which has prevented its expansion into new domestic and international markets.