Evaluación del arranque y puesta en marcha del sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales del municipio de Puerto Gaitán Meta

Abstract

Contamination generated by the dumping of domestic wastewater into water sources without prior treatment has become one of the most significant, directly affecting the self-purification processes of natural channels, and negatively impacting ecosystems and public health, This is the case of the municipality of Puerto Gaitán Meta, which currently discharges its domestic wastewater (DDW) with an approximate amount of 1,500 kg BOD / Day directly to the Manacacias River, From this problem this project evaluated the start-up of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), designed to treat a flow rate (F) of 90 l/s and a maximum contaminant load of 3,329 kg BOD/Day, determining the efficiency of removal of concentrations such as: Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, Total Suspended Solids (SST), Settleable Solids (SSED), fats and oils, of the plant at the time of discharge to the hydro source. Technical sheets of equipment and units of the plant were made in order to demonstrate their status, characteristics and functions at the start of the treatment system. In the same way, this project compared the quality of the water both at the entrance of the plant and at the exit according to Resolution 0631 of 2015, which talks about "the maximum permissible limits in discharges for domestic wastewater and non-domestic wastewater" , from four composite samples taken by the laboratory TECNOAMBIENTAL SAS certified by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM) and finally a start-up and commissioning manual was built taking into account all the generalities observed and analyzed . As result, the quality of the equipment and units was determined as new and of the latest technology, allowing the maximum performance of the WWTP to be achieved, therefore, and according to the concepts issued by the water laboratory from the samplings carried out in the different points of treatment, the removal efficiency of the plant exceeded 80% fulfilling its purpose and being below the parameters established by Colombian regulations.