Comparación de los Efectos de Dos Métodos de Entrenamiento de la Fuerza en las Capacidades Condicionales en Escolares de la Ciudad de Bogotá D.C.

Abstract

In this research, an intervention was carried out with two methods of strength training for one group with the weight method and another with the CrossFit® method. Objective: To compare the effects in the conditional capacities between a group trained with the CrossFit® method and another group trained with the method of weights in students from 13 to 17 years of the IED school San Luis Colombian Classrooms in the city of Bogotá. Methodology: Randomized and longitudinal non-controlled experimental study for the collection of pre and post data, evaluated by means of the EUROFIT test battery, maximum force test and anthropometric measurement. The intervention was carried out for twelve weeks, at a time contrary to the school day, with an intensity of three weekly sessions. The CrossFit® group aged 14.65 ± 1.25 years; size 164.43 ± 5.30 cm; Weight 53.54 ± 8.53 kg. This group worked under the supervision of sports training students from SENA (National Learning Service). The group of weights with age 15.08 ± 1.25 years; size 164,05 ± 8,58 cm; weight 52.93 ± 8.69 kg. This group under the supervision of the research teacher. The proposed exercises were: Press bench flat (chest), extension machine front (quadriceps), curl bar pronation (biceps), Pulls to the chest (back), extension with dumbbell double grip sitting (triceps), curl with machine upside down ( hamstrings), abdominal flat bench, lateral dorsal and lumbar upside down. Results: of the 32 students enrolled in the program, initially only 18 completed the process, the data were analyzed through the statistical package SPSS version 24u, first with the EUROFIT battery in which no significant difference was found between the two plans. training in conditional physical abilities. Subsequently, the same process was performed with the maximum strength test, finding significant differences in favor of working with weights in the chest and biceps variables. Finally, the results of anthropometry were analyzed and the changes in the body composition of the two groups were not significant. Conclusions: this is the first comparative study between the effects of two methods of strength training such as CrossFit® and weights in conditional capacities in adolescents. It was found that the differences between the results of the training methods are only visible by means of the maximum strength test in the chest and biceps variables. In the evaluation by means of the EUROFIT battery, no differences were found in the development of conditional capacities and in the anthropometric evaluation there were no differences in body composition. It is considered necessary to increase the hour intensity of physical activity in the school environment and continue with the implementation of institutional projects that promote healthy living habits.