El derecho a la ciudad: glocalización y presión inmobiliaria en Chapinero Alto, Bogotá años 2014-2016
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2016
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Universidad Santo Tomás
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El cambio poblacional que se ha evidenciado en los barrios Juan XXIII y Los Olivos en el que habitantes con bajos recursos son reemplazados por habitantes con alto poder adquisitivo (gentrificación), no es un proceso aislado. Se ha reproducido en diferentes países y ha sido ampliamente estudiado en aquellos denominados desarrollados o pertenecientes al primer mundo, donde el acceso a la vivienda en determinados sectores de las principales ciudades (como Nueva York, París, Madrid, Buenos Aires entre otras) es muy restringido para la clase media y media-baja.
El estudio de las ciudades en estos países va más allá de la gentrificación y sus efectos negativos sobre el derecho a la ciudad; suele relacionárselo con dinámicas mundiales de acumulación de capital debido a que en las ciudades se sitúan los centros empresariales, financieros y comerciales de diferentes países que permiten llevar a cabo actividades de acumulación de capital con carácter global.
El acceso a la vivienda se convierte en un indicador del grado de igualdad en el goce de derechos en la ciudad entre habitantes pero además, da una idea de lo permeadas que se encuentran las instituciones de gobierno de criterios neoliberales de ciudad en pro de la acumulación de capital. La gentrificación se convierte así en indicador de la presencia de ideas neoliberales de ciudad global que, siguiendo la estrategia de acumulación por desposesión, ponen en riesgo los derechos de los ciudadanos a vivir y construir la ciudad.
Abstract
The population change that has been evident in the Juan XXIII and Los Olivos neighborhoods, in which inhabitants with low resources are replaced by inhabitants with high purchasing power (gentrification), is not an isolated process. It has been reproduced in different countries and has been extensively studied in those called developed or belonging to the first world, where access to housing in certain sectors of the main cities (such as New York, Paris, Madrid, Buenos Aires, among others) is very restricted for the middle and lower middle class.
The study of cities in these countries goes beyond gentrification and its negative effects on the right to the city; It is usually related to global capital accumulation dynamics, since the cities are the business, financial and commercial centers of different countries that allow global capital accumulation activities to be carried out.
Access to housing becomes an indicator of the degree of equality in the enjoyment of rights in the city between inhabitants, but also gives an idea of how permeate the institutions of government are with neoliberal criteria of the city in favor of accumulation of capital. Gentrification thus becomes an indicator of the presence of neoliberal ideas of a global city that, following the strategy of accumulation by dispossession, jeopardize the rights of citizens to live and build the city.
The population change that has been evident in the Juan XXIII and Los Olivos neighborhoods, in which inhabitants with low resources are replaced by inhabitants with high purchasing power (gentrification), is not an isolated process. It has been reproduced in different countries and has been extensively studied in those called developed or belonging to the first world, where access to housing in certain sectors of the main cities (such as New York, Paris, Madrid, Buenos Aires, among others) is very restricted for the middle and lower middle class. The study of cities in these countries goes beyond gentrification and its negative effects on the right to the city; It is usually related to global capital accumulation dynamics, since the cities are the business, financial and commercial centers of different countries that allow global capital accumulation activities to be carried out. Access to housing becomes an indicator of the degree of equality in the enjoyment of rights in the city between inhabitants, but also gives an idea of how permeate the institutions of government are with neoliberal criteria of the city in favor of accumulation of capital. Gentrification thus becomes an indicator of the presence of neoliberal ideas of a global city that, following the strategy of accumulation by dispossession, jeopardize the rights of citizens to live and build the city.
The population change that has been evident in the Juan XXIII and Los Olivos neighborhoods, in which inhabitants with low resources are replaced by inhabitants with high purchasing power (gentrification), is not an isolated process. It has been reproduced in different countries and has been extensively studied in those called developed or belonging to the first world, where access to housing in certain sectors of the main cities (such as New York, Paris, Madrid, Buenos Aires, among others) is very restricted for the middle and lower middle class. The study of cities in these countries goes beyond gentrification and its negative effects on the right to the city; It is usually related to global capital accumulation dynamics, since the cities are the business, financial and commercial centers of different countries that allow global capital accumulation activities to be carried out. Access to housing becomes an indicator of the degree of equality in the enjoyment of rights in the city between inhabitants, but also gives an idea of how permeate the institutions of government are with neoliberal criteria of the city in favor of accumulation of capital. Gentrification thus becomes an indicator of the presence of neoliberal ideas of a global city that, following the strategy of accumulation by dispossession, jeopardize the rights of citizens to live and build the city.
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