Formulación del diseño geométrico y uso de placa-huella para la vía alterna entre los municipios de La Mesa y Tena (Cundinamarca)

Abstract

The road that communicates the inspections of the “Gran Via” of the town of “Tena” and “La Esperanza” belonging to the town of “La Mesa” in the department of “Cundinamarca”, presents on the abscissa K0 + 800m a movement of earth on the embankment along 200 meters of the same that reduced the road to a little less than a lane, where the vehicular flow has become intermittent and with restrictions for vehicles of more than 4 tons. For this reason, the geometric design of an alternative route is presented that allows solving the mobility problems of the sector and complies with the regulations governed by the National Institute of Roads (INVIAS). In addition, the use of the footprint plate is determined as a rolling surface, due to the high slopes found in the area and the presence of rocky gravel material that favor its construction. To establish the necessary factors for the geometric design of the roadway, a georeferencing was carried out through the use of a Global Positioning System (GPS), which allowed a precision topographic survey using a total station and a leveling to from an optical level, in order to obtain the graphic representation of the land under study. At the same time, tests of the California Support Ratio (CBR) were carried out using molds with undisturbed samples and field tests with the dynamic cone of penetration, in order to characterize the soil and then determine the support capacity. Finally, a road infrastructure project is presented that includes the geometric design of the elements of the road, the choice of the type of footprint that best suits the requirements in the work area and the traffic regulation criteria, where the support of computer software such as ArcGIS and CivilCAD3D allow a work close to reality.