Diseño y Evaluación de una Mezcla de Asfalto Natural con Adición de Emulsión Catiónica de Rompimiento Lento, Cal y Cemento.

Abstract

This work presents the design and evaluation of a modified asphalt mixture based on natural asphaltite with the incorporation of slow-breaking cationic emulsion (CRL), lime, and cement. The goal is to develop a more resistant and environmentally sustainable road solution compared to traditional mixtures. Initially, it was characterized using the extraction method INV E-732-13, obtaining asphalt contents of 10.7%, 10.8%, and 11.2%. Based on these results, mixtures were designed with different percentages of CRL emulsion (3% to 7%) and stone aggregates, adjusting the granulometric curve according to INVIAS specifications. The determination of the optimal emulsion content (6%) was carried out through the immersion-compression test (INV E-622-13), resulting in a preserved resistance of 76.03%, meeting the requirements of Table 442P-12 of the INVIAS specifications. Subsequently, different proportions of lime and cement were incorporated as stabilizers, evaluating their effect through the indirect tensile test (INV E-725-13) to analyze resistance to moisture. The mixture with 6% emulsion and 1.5% lime achieved the best results in terms of cohesion and compressive strength, meeting the required preserved resistance index according to current regulations. This research demonstrates that the combined addition of lime improves the mechanical resistance properties of the mixture under humid conditions. It concludes that this formulation represents a technical alternative for road infrastructure in areas where the exploitation of asphaltite is feasible, contributing to the sustainability of projects and the use of local materials.