Técnicas de Control Aplicadas en Columnas de Destilación de Crudo

Abstract

The importance of the petrochemical industry in the world means that the extraction and refining processes of its derivatives are becoming more efficient every day [1]. Among the main processes is distillation, which is a process of separation and purification of components. This process is carried out by means of distillation towers, which are of great interest in control because they are nonlinear, and their models are difficult to control around their operating parameters [2]. Therefore, there exist in the literature certain techniques to control the behavior of the different chemical processes carried out in the industry. The purpose of these control techniques is to maintain the processes in the desired operating conditions, in such a way that accidents can be prevented, keeping safe both the plants where these processes are carried out and their surroundings. The hydrocarbon industry, especially the crude oil distillation process, is one of the processes that implement more control techniques. In this work are presented, as a review, the control techniques that are mostly applied in the crude oil distillation columns along with examples of each of them, their results, analysis, and conclusions.