Manual de prevención, evaluación y rehabilitación de lesiones en edificaciones residenciales con sistema estructural de muros de carga en concreto reforzado

Abstract

This monograph culminates in the creation of a Technical Manual for the Prevention, Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structural Damage in Residential Buildings featuring Load-Bearing Walls in Reinforced Concrete. This manual is informed by a case study of the Torres del Silencio residential complex in Yopal (Casanare), where structural damage of this nature was frequently identified and classified in buildings exhibiting such characteristics. In Colombia, more than 50% of residential buildings, especially those within Social Interest Housing (VIS) and Priority Interest Housing (VIP) programs, are constructed using this type of structural system. Hence, the relevance of providing technical tools that enhance the safety, durability and habitability of these buildings. The methodology employed in this study encompassed: a regulatory review (NSR-10, NTC, and previous technical manuals), an analysis of specialized consultancies conducted by Dico Ingeniería y Arquitectura S.A.S. (2022), field inspections of the case study building complex aimed at identifying and classifying existing structural damage, the development of analytical models, and validation with experts. The resulting manual is structured around three axes—prevention, evaluation, and rehabilitation—and offers practical guidelines for construction professionals. Its application seeks to reduce the structural vulnerability of these buildings, extend their service life, and contribute to the sustainability of the built environment.