Nuevas perspectivas metodológicas para la priorización de sistemas de transporte público urbano aplicado a la ciudad de Medellín

Abstract

Within the agenda of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), mobility is not directly in one of these, but it has a tangential impact on at least 7 of them and 15 of their goals directly, making it one of the the fundamental factors to be able to achieve them and that is how it becomes a necessity for cities to have better mobility, which is why it is in the priorities of the planning of the territories and as a priority of the public agenda, to be able to have a mobility that contributes to sustainability from different points of view (health, safety, environmental, but also that is equitable, inclusive and efficient). And it is at this point that the importance and function of the public transport system stands out, as one of the sustainable modes that, additionally considering the configurations of our cities that require extensive travel, becomes the protagonist. However, at the normative level and in practice, the reality is that prioritization decisions in the implementation and improvement of the city's public transport systems are based on a purely technical analysis of supply and demand, which distances solutions of satisfying the needs of users and seeking a transformation of cities. This is how the information analysis of different operational parameters, demand behavior, taken from the Origin Destination Survey (EOD) of the Metropolitan Area of ​​the Aburrá Valley (2017) and the perception of user satisfaction is carried out, taken from the user satisfaction perception survey, prepared with the SIMUS methodology (Integrated Systems for Sustainable Urban Mobility) (2017), where, through a GIS tool, the spatialization of data by communes was achieved for the city of Medellín, seeking demonstrate the problem raised, which ranges from the vicious circle of congestion (more cars, more congestion, fewer guarantees for public transport), to show the need to connect the qualities contracted and finally provided by public transport systems with the qualities expected and perceived by the user, considering variables not only techniques of supply and demand, but also aspect s social, economic and even on the psychological level, which even allows to implement and improve public transport systems where there is not yet enough demand.