Aportes y retos de las nuevas tecnologías bajo metodologías SIG, BIM y CIM al Desarrollo de territorios informados e inteligentes que optimicen la toma de decisiones.

Abstract

The fourth industrial revolution, also called the era of digitization, seeks through the generation of computer data, and the processing of large volumes of information, to analyze, understand and predict behaviors of physical-spatial phenomena that generally affect any process of the human being in relationship with its territorial context. In terms of planning, design and construction of cities, urban planning and architecture, are not alien to these intentions, that is why work methodologies emerge, such as GIS, BIM and CIM, which help to optimize the understanding of the phenomena associated with the territories, allowing to minimize the subjectivity of decision-making, and considerably improving response times. The research seeks from recognizing the potentials and challenges of the new technologies of territorial understanding and interpretation, through the identification of correlational analysis processes of local and international case studies of real projects that use GIS, BIM and CIM methodologies, possible workflows with multiple temporalities and scales, allowing to show the potentials and challenges posed by these implementations in their multiple application scales in the territory, and this in turn contributes to the CIM city information models with a view to complementing a city smart. This facilitates the optimization of the understanding and communication of the spatial physical phenomena when making decisions in real time and creates city information models resembling a digital twin, which helps reduce uncertainty when making decisions, and it becomes one more potential input to feed the smart city concept. Likewise, it is possible to find a clear difference between digital twins of partial territories and digital twins of general city information models, which allows a better understanding of the potentials when implementing methodologies such as CIM, seeking the best use of the information of the different urban sub-systems, for the study and physical spatial understanding of the territory, framed in the challenges of carrying out the fourth industrial revolution.