Caracterización fisicoquímica de abonos orgánicos artesanales

Abstract

In Colombia, 81% of solid waste is organic matter. Therefore, it is necessary to give an alternative management to reduce the total volume of solid waste generated in Colombia. For this reason, it was proposed to handle these organic wastes in processes of transformation of matter such as compost, in order to produce organic manure fertilizers to increase soil quality for agriculture and for the recovery of very worked soils poor in nutrients. In this project it was proposed to boost the initiative of composting on a large scale, starting with a test phase using organic solid waste generated in the marketplace of Piedecuesta, Santander, Colombia. Organic fertilizer was produced in the "El Limonal" farm, in Piedecuesta, in order to standardize the physicochemical parameters to ensure the production of compost fertilizer suitable for cultivation and planting according to NTC 5167, by using as a reference a chilian standard 2880 and spanish royal decree 824. In addition, 4 types of craft fertilizers were analyzed (earthworm manure , chicken manure, peat and compost craft) in order to compare the results and know the characteristics of these fertilizers which are commercially used in cultivation and domestic sowing. Besides, a commercial fertilizer, that provides a table of the physico-chemical composition, was used in order to compare the results obtained in the analysis and ratify this table. Finally the results showed that the best fertilizer according to the NTC 5167 is the commercial fertilizer. The others recommended are the fertilizers produced in el Limonal. The chicken manure and the eathworm manure which provide the indicated nutrient levels. Lastly it was concluded that the samples of peat and compost craft are not suitable for cultivation because your proprieties are not acceptable for plant growth.