Incidencia de la Contaminación de la Cuenca Alta del Río Bogotá en la Simetría de las Frústulas de las Diatomeas Presentes en el Sustrato Rocoso

Abstract

For the development of this document, a review about the contamination in the upper basin of the Bogota River was conducted. During the studies the main environmental issues were established, showing the causes of the deterioration and degradation of the hydric resources. Among some the inadequate manipulation of the water discharges, by different economic sectors, especially the leather manufactures, located on the areas of Villapinzón and Chocontá. This project was design with the purpose of present reliable data that analyzes in a short period of time the changes occurred in the frustules of diatoms as a bio indicator factor. In other to do so a sampling was made in 4 different points in the river basin, taking rocky substrate diatoms. Equally another experiment was conducted, taking diatoms and incubated them in enriched wetland´s water with the following concentration Cr VI a 10, 50 y 100 mg/l during a three days period, to assess the impact of the presence of chromium in the variation frustules diatoms, subsequently split into different morphs for analysis using the R statistical software, through the adaptation of instruments Geomorph package, which It provides the possibility y to interpret data with different statistical methods such as the ANOVA tables, principal component analysis, graphic and allometric method. Applying the tools of morphometry of this package was determined by means of statistical principal component analysis (PCA), can detect the presence of tumors in frustules diatoms, however normalized pattern scanning is possible to improve the level of detail in the dispersion of the data. It is noteworthy that with the graphical method variations in frustules become apparent to the observer, however this method is very subjective to be worth