Aproximación a la Política de la Liberación y la democracia desde la ética normativa de Enrique Dussel

Abstract

This paper aims to examine the constitutive elements of politics and democracy based on the normative ethical criteria proposed by Enrique Dussel. To this end, the following research hypothesis was started: in the Politics of Liberation, the subsumption of the ethical-normative principles in the political field and, with it, in democracy, give rise to an onto-theological completeness that it implies the absolutization of the political, due to the omission of constitutive factors such as conflict and the socio-historical character of the political community. Therefore, this work outlines a critical reconstruction that sinks its roots in the intrinsic limitations of the foundation of the material and formal principle from which the normative ethical framework that affects democracy emerges. Although politics is linked to ethics, due to the conception of means and ends (feasibility), it is not functional to think of this link from a priori principles and external to the constitutive elements and dynamics of the political field.

To achieve this purpose, this research had to: first, examine the formal normative principles enunciated by the theory of liberation ethics and their relationship with Apel's discourse ethics, in order to understand how Dussel gave ethics a function normative of political principles; second, to identify the levels that make up Architecture in Dussel's political philosophy of liberation, to show the subsumption of ethical principles in the normative principles implicit in the political field; third, to analyze the implicit political principles expressed in the Architecture, with the aim of problematizing the implications of these in the democratic institutional system.