Estudio patologico para la intervencion: bascula camionera - parque Industrial Popayan

Abstract

This study assesses the structural pathologies of an 80-ton truck scale located in the Popayán Industrial Park, Colombia, which exhibited premature failures after three months of operation. Through a comprehensive methodology including visual inspection, non-destructive testing (Ultrasonic Testing ASTM E164-20 and Liquid Penetrant Testing ASTM E1417-19), and destructive testing (tensile tests on steel profiles ASTM A370-20 and concrete core extraction), critical deficiencies were identified in the metallic profiles (IPE160/IPE200). Findings included permanent deformations of 40 mm (exceeding the allowable limit of 16.7 mm), galvanic corrosion (level Ri3), and longitudinal cracks in the slab. Structural analysis using Cype3D software confirmed the inadequacy of the profiles to withstand service and dynamic loads. A three-phase intervention plan is proposed: 1. Temporary shoring and 50% load restriction; 2. Replacement of beams with IPE240 profiles using flange-to-flange welding (AWS D1.1) and installation of diagonal bracings; and 3. Continuous monitoring with displacement sensors. The expected outcomes of the intervention include the full restoration of structural capacity, reduction of deformations to values below 16.7 mm, and a significant improvement in lateral stiffness, ensuring compliance with NTC-2015 and ACI 318-19 standards. The final diagnosis attributes 70% of the failures to insufficient structural design, 20% to unaccounted dynamic loads, and 10% to poor welding execution.