Diseño de una turbina hidrocinetica para pruebas en el canal de ensayos hidrodinamicos de la Universidad Nacional

Abstract

The use of non-renewable energies that are found today, generates high levels of environmental pollution in sectors that are vital for life and great damage to people's health. In addition, in certain regions of Colombia, there is no electricity supply due to the lack of accessibility that the populations have to implement the necessary elements for the installation and supply of the service. In response to this, it makes use of the water resources that count the populations, as are the rivers. In this way take advantage of a natural resource for the production of energy, which allows designs and fabrications of hydrokinetic turbines as the design made in this work. The design of the hydrokinetic turbine shown in this document is conditioned by the size of the hydrokinetic assay channel of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá. By using this test channel it is possible to evaluate the behavior of a turbine, emulating the factors to which it will be subjected to a real environment. In this regard, both the design of the turbine of this work and the operating characteristics, maintain the hydraulic characteristics of the river such as the speed and the average power of the river in which it will be functioning (i.e. characteristics of the river). According to the above, the design of the blades whose material of manufacture would be fiberglass with epoxy resin is made. Obtained the blade is made the analysis of it by means of the software Q-blade. After the design of the vane, there is the resistance analysis of materials for the bolted connection between the vane and the bucket, as well as the accessories that allow the vane to be coupled. Next, we proceed with the design of the main section of the hydrokinetic turbine system that is composed of: The design of the main shaft using fatigue failure criteria, material strength analysis for bolted connections from the main housing to the box of power transmission and likewise the calculation of the thickness of this. In addition to the selection of bearings. Once the design of the main section has been carried out in the present work, the design of the second section is continued, which consists of: The design of the secondary axis using the fatigue failure criterion, the calculation of the thickness of the secondary shell, selection of bearings, the design of the transmission system of power by bevel gears and likewise the analysis of resistance of materials for the bolted connections of the secondary housing to the transmission case and upper plate, in addition there is the calculation of the thickness of the upper plate. Finalizing the document is the analysis of the filler material for the welded joints of the flanges, and the accessories that make up the hydrokinetic turbine such as The mechanical seal, the design of the wedges, the packaging used, and finally the conclusions obtained from the design of the hydrokinetic turbine.