Comportamiento de la Activación en la Corteza Cerebral por Efecto de Funciones Ejecutivas en Ejercicio físico en Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract

With the discovery of electrical signals in the brain, a whole field of study has opened up about its behaviour in different situations and environments. Within sports physiology, the aim has been to observe the way in which the signals are altered and how these alterations are reflected in the organism's behaviour. This is why this research seeks to describe the effect that physical exercise generates in the 3 tasks of the Stroop test in university students based on the behaviour of beta waves, starting from the idea that physical exercise manages to improve the executive function that determines behaviour. Methodology: This is a quasi-experimental cross-sectional correlational study which seeks the relationship between processing speed and control by inhibition in the behaviour of the electrical signals of brain waves. Eight subjects were studied, from the Universidad Santo Tomas of the Physical Culture, Sport and Recreation course at the Bogotá campus, who were exposed to a physical exercise protocol together with a neuropsychological test called Stroop. Prior informed consent was signed, psychometric tests were performed (Mini mental), as well as evaluation of physical activity (IPAQ), criteria of respect, honesty and freedom were handled with the subjects and their data. Measurement was carried out by means of the Emotiv EpocX 14-channel electroencephalography test system, Cyclus exercise bike and the study was supported by anthropometric data previously obtained from the subjects. The data collected were processed by means of SPSS26 statistical software as well as Matlab2023 script software with electrical signal reading data package. Conclusion: The tests proved to be effective in understanding executive function and processing speed. The activation of the prefrontal cortex depends on the level of difficulty of the task performed and the time taken to perform it.