Los sistemas de gestión en seguridad y salud en el trabajo en Colombia en la prevención de enfermedades laborales: Una revisión de alcance

Abstract

This work is a qualitative systemic review, which is achieved by drawing a parallel between the analysis of intervention strategies in OSHMS and the barriers to their implementation in Latin America, thus allowing us to show the current status of OSHMS implemented in companies. The analysis was carried out based on topics inherent to OSHMS, taking into account significant strategies in the prevention of occupational diseases from a legal perspective that have been decisive, analyzing the main successful strategies and barriers to implementation over the last 5 years. Some aspects addressed are Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems, their current status, occupational disease prevention strategies, and related figures. This research demonstrates that administrative informality and lack of resources represent significant barriers to the effective development of OSHMS, leading to workplace scenarios in which workers are exposed to multiple risks without the implementation of adequate preventive measures. In this regard, the experiences reviewed agree that occupational diseases remain a constant concern in the productive sectors. Finally, although Colombia has a comprehensive legal framework and positive results have been achieved in some sectors, it is imperative to strengthen training strategies, simplify and unify regulations, and increase inspection capacity to ensure truly effective implementation of OSHMS.