Industria 5.0 y el IoT: Transformando la Monitorización y Control de Procesos Industriales

Abstract

The research explores the impact of the Internet of Things (IoT) on Industry 5.0, focusing on the benefits and challenges of its integration in industrial environments. The main objective is to analyse how IoT contributes to improving efficiency, safety, customisation and sustainability in industrial processes. Key IoT technologies, such as advanced sensors, communication networks and data analysis systems, and their applications in process optimisation and real-time monitoring are identified. Despite significant benefits, such as reduced operational costs and improved human-machine collaboration, significant challenges are highlighted, including security concerns, interoperability and upfront costs. In addition, case studies of companies that have adopted Industry 5.0 are investigated, revealing improvements in productivity and market adaptation. These cases provide concrete evidence of the value of IoT in modern industry, highlighting both achievements and areas requiring continued attention. Finally, directions for future work are suggested, such as the development of universal interoperability standards, advanced strategies for data protection, and methods for reducing costs, in order to maximize the benefits of IoT and maintain innovation in Industry 5.0.