Evaluación de la sostenibilidad de los procesos constructivos de proyectos viales, estudio de caso: vía Timbío – Paispamba, municipio de Sotará, departamento del Cauca.

Abstract

In the last 60 years the world population has had a significant increase in large cities, which is an important factor for the planning and construction of new spaces and services to supply the new generations. This problem mainly affects three sectors: environmental, economic and social, which are protagonists of sustainable development. The following work consists of carrying out the evaluation of the sustainability of the construction processes of the road project called: Construction of flexible pavement on the Timbío - Paispamba road, Municipality of Sotará, Department of Cauca, from the environmental, social and economic point of view, focused on the current problems regarding the construction of new road infrastructure projects in Colombia and the high rates of negative environmental impacts that these generate. Initially, it is proposed to characterize the system, which will be guided by the construction processes in the execution phase of the road, and will be determined by the methodologies: Material Flow Analysis (AFM), and Life Cycle Analysis of the materials (LCA), followed by an evaluation of the environmental regulations applied to the road sector, emphasizing the historical context, fundamental in the identification of sustainable procedures. Finally, the GreenLITES methodology, a self-certification program used by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), will be applied to evaluate transportation sector projects from a sustainable approach. The results obtained from the research were a total characterization of the process system in the road construction stage, taking into account the application of the Materials Flow Analysis (AFM) methodology, on the other hand, when applying the LCA methodology. Environmental evaluation diagrams were obtained for the production of certain materials used on site, which are the cause of the greatest negative impacts on the environment. Finally, in the use of the GreenLITES methodology, a qualification was obtained that certifies the level of sustainability in which the road project is located.