Estrategia Metodológica para la Implementación BIM en el sector AEC con Énfasis en la Fase de Preconstrucción

Abstract

The 21st century has witnessed the emergence of new technological advances for the management of the different phases in which a construction project is developed, namely: Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance. In this sense, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the technologies that has most impacted the Architecture, Engineering and Construction sector (AEC) in recent decades. BIM is a methodological approach that optimizes risk analysis by providing all the information related to the project throughout its entire life cycle. It constitutes a fundamental tool for planning and controlling the construction process in the stage that follows the approval of the designs and precedes construction. Through the information generated by the BIM models, tasks such as construction planning, coordination of the different work teams, simulation of construction processes, among other preliminary activities, can be carried out, which allows detecting and correcting problems before starting construction work. In the pre-construction stage, BIM plays a fundamental role in the administration of the data relevant to the materials and equipment required for the execution of the work. Likewise, it facilitates the planning of the tasks to be carried out and the management of the associated economic resources. Based on these precepts, this thesis compiles the general concepts, standards and applicability of BIM worldwide, in order to propose a strategy for its implementation within the AEC sector in Colombia, particularly, in relation to the phase of pre-construction of the projects, once the designs are approved for their execution. This methodological strategy is based on the guidelines of the international standard ISO 19650 and is adapted to the Colombian environment through the incorporation of the BIM Kit, a tool developed by the BIM Forum Colombia for the implementation of BIM in the country.