Relación de los Estilos de Crianza en el Desarrollo Socioafectivo en Niños y Niñas de 5 a 6 Años de Grado Transición en Colombia

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the influence of parenting styles on the socio-emotional development of children aged 5 to 6 in Colombia. Its objectives include identifying the predominant styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful), assessing their impact on emotional regulation, and proposing recommendations to improve parenting practices. Through a qualitative methodology and thematic analysis of 31 academic documents—including doctoral, master’s, undergraduate theses, and articles—the effects of these styles were explored on competencies such as empathy, emotional self-regulation, and conflict resolution skills. The analysis revealed that the authoritative style, by balancing affection and structure, fosters positive emotional development, while the authoritarian style promotes discipline, albeit with some emotional tensions. In contrast, permissive and neglectful styles are associated with difficulties in emotional regulation and social relationships, limiting children’s emotional adaptation and management. The research emphasizes the need to adopt balanced parenting practices and to strengthen public policies that support families, especially in vulnerable contexts, to promote healthy development in childhood. A Document Analysis Matrix was used to systematize findings, classifying documents based on the identified emergent concepts and subconcepts, facilitating pattern identification and comparison among studies. This analysis is valuable for designing early interventions and improving family support policies within the Colombian context.