Fundamentos para la medición y evaluación en la educación física y el deporte.

Abstract

The objectives, contents and procedures used by the professional of Physical Culture, Physical Education and Sport must be thought and elaborated under criteria that allow him/her to build with foundation the actions tending to improve the motor performance and the physical condition of the person, therefore, it is necessary the knowledge and the application of different measurement and evaluation instruments, that provide useful information to the professional and also allow a balanced development of the physical, perceptive and social-motor capacity of the person, determinant elements for the performance and adaptation to the school, professional and sport environments. For this reason, it is pertinent to review some of the basic concepts related to measurement and evaluation processes, training load, basic physical capacities (resistance, strength, speed and flexibility), body composition and somatotype. It is also important the selection of a set of field tests with a good percentage of validity, reliability, objectivity, where the conditions of execution do not generate difficulties of application by space or materials, which can be used at any time and place by professionals in physical culture, physical education and sport, facilitating the interpretation and analysis of data obtained, in addition, with tables or scales for each test, which correspond to the characteristics of the local population and allow to properly guide the different programs organized and used in the various phases of physical education and sport training. On the other hand, when consulting several physical education professionals, they expressed some difficulties in the evaluation processes, such as the lack of knowledge of reliable evaluation tests, the complexity of some protocols, the implements required in some tests, the limited physical space, the time needed to apply some test batteries, the number of students per group and the lack of scales adjusted to the characteristics of the population. It is essential to point out that the knowledge and use of measurement and evaluation tests in physical education and sport have concrete applications and may show important results, which contribute to improve the procedures and actions carried out by the professional of Physical Culture, Physical Education and Sport, which is why this document presents the review of some instruments and concepts of different authors, complemented with the results of research processes and experiences in classes, of the author. All these elements, due to their quality and versatility, can become fundamental tools for the professional.