Implementacion de herramientas modernas de ingeniería para el diseño y manufactura de férulas personalizadas mediante impresión 3D

Abstract

This study presents the implementation of modern engineering tools for designing and fabricating customized splints, utilizing 3D printing as an efficient, ergonomic, and costeffective alternative to traditional plaster-based immobilization methods. The process begins with an anthropometric and biomechanical analysis of the hand and wrist to understand their functional and structural dynamics, enabling the creation of orthopedic devices tailored to each patient’s unique morphology. Structured light scanning technology is employed to digitize the affected limb, generating a precise 3D representation. A digital model of the orthosis is then developed using computer-aided design (CAD) software, followed by structural simulations through the Finite Element Method (FEM) to assess the splint’s mechanical performance under various movements and loading conditions. The prototype is fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) with ABS material, incorporating internal lattice structures to optimize weight and material usage. The results demonstrate a functional design with a high safety factor and notable improvements over conventional splints, including reduced weight, enhanced comfort, ease of use, water resistance, and anatomical adaptability. This work concludes that additive manufacturing, combined with advanced scanning and modeling techniques, facilitates the development of personalized medical devices that enhance patient quality of life while optimizing healthcare system resources.