Análisis de la incidencia de las modificaciones contractuales en las variaciones del tiempo y costo de las obras viales financiadas por el Instituto Nacional de Vías en el departamento de Santander.

Abstract

According to the 2022 Prosantander Report, the tertiary road network in Santander faces critical transitability conditions: out of 19,467 km (representing 84% of the department's total), only 0.1% is paved, and a mere 17 km under municipal jurisdiction are reported in good condition. These circumstances highlight the necessity of evaluating contractual performance in rural road improvement projects. This monograph analyzes 35 road infrastructure contracts executed in Santander with INVÍAS funding (20 from the "Colombia Rural" program and 15 of a municipal nature), through a descriptive, documentary, and analytical study based on SECOP data [1, 2]. The results demonstrate that the primary cause of delay is the execution of increased work quantities, linked to planning deficiencies during the pre-contractual stage. Critical inconsistencies were identified between the information on the SECOP platform and the supporting documentation regarding costs, dates, and amendments. Similarly, it was evidenced that several requests for budget additions lack explicit justification in available public records, in addition to finding contracts that exceeded the financial limits originally established by the program. Overall, these findings reveal weaknesses in planning processes, documentary oversight, and the consistency of contractual information for tertiary road projects in the Department of Santander