Estrategias pedagógicas para fortalecer las habilidades de pensamiento crítico en los niños y niñas de cinco años del nivel de Transición

Abstract

Pedagogical strategies to strengthen critical thinking skills in five-year-old boys and girls of the Transition level, is a degree project that seeks to develop new teaching and learning sequences in the School "1,2,3 for Me", because With the beginning of school life, new opportunities open that lead children to think and act in search of problem solving, communication demands increase, and children must adapt to different social and educational contexts in which verbal communication , written and non-verbal play a decisive role in the processes of socialization and preparation for life. The methodology used was a Qualitative approach, type Research-Action, which included 15 boys and girls of the Transition grade, counting as information collection instruments the observation test of critical thinking skills, the semi-structured interview with preschool teachers of the institution education, checklist and field diary. A pedagogical strategy was developed consisting of ten thought stimulation activities that allowed children to acquire skills and abilities to respond to visual and auditory stimuli, demonstrate coordination and proceed according to each situation, trust their reasoning skills, flexibility when considering alternatives and opinions, persistence and creativity in the face of difficulties, analysis of reasons and evidence, freely expressing their feelings and opinions, as well as identifying characters and actions, a process from which it is concluded that playful activities should promote the interaction of boys and girls with their environment, facilitating the stimulation of cognitive processes, so that they have an active participation in their own learning. The recommendations revolve around the fact that from within educational institutions spaces and / or environments should be created that captivate the attention of children, integrating them through play in order to encourage critical thinking with an emphasis on expression, socialization, and the perception of learning contexts.