Alternativas al traslape en refuerzo estructural: análisis normativo y técnico desde la práctica internacional

Abstract

This study presents a comparative analysis of reinforcement splicing methods in reinforced concrete structural elements, with a special focus on the applicability of mechanical splices versus conventional lap splices, which are predominantly used in Colombia. The research is based on a review of relevant standards (NSR-10, ACI 318, and ASTM A1034), as well as on documented international and national experiences in high-rise buildings.

The methodology included the identification of internationally recognized splice types, the verification of normative requirements through tensile testing, and the consultation of local applications, particularly in the Torre Atrio and Edificio Aguacate projects. Findings indicate that, within the Colombian context, mechanical splices have been mainly employed in post-construction solutions, such as continuity of previously cast elements, while conventional lap splices remain prevalent during the construction stage.

The results highlight that national regulations allow the use of mechanical splices in columns under specific performance and location requirements, but their practical implementation in local projects is still limited. Moreover, it was confirmed that mechanical splices provide greater structural reliability in critical seismic zones, provided that they comply with the Type 2 classification of ASTM A1034.

In conclusion, this research suggests that mechanical splices represent a viable and innovative alternative to improve safety and optimize construction processes in reinforced concrete structures in Colombia.

Keywords: Mechanical splices, conventional lap splices, reinforced concrete, NSR-10, ACI 318, ASTM A1034