Análisis de la agrologística colombiana a partir de la relación entre las políticas públicas y el desempeño logístico

Abstract

Colombian agrologistics presents structural limitations derived from the disarticulation between public policies and the real needs of the sector, reflected in infrastructure deficiencies, high logistics costs, and low integration of producers into markets. In this context, this study analyzes the relationship between public policies and logistics performance in Colombian agrologistics during the period 2020–2025, evaluating their degree of correspondence with critical sector factors. To this end, a mixed-method, analytical, and longitudinal research approach was developed, based on the review of primary and secondary sources, complemented by the application of a multicriteria analysis model (MCA), which allowed weighting the incidence of economic and logistics variables within the agrologistics system. The results show that trade policy and investment are the main drivers of logistics performance, while factors such as dependence on road transport and land formalization represent the main bottlenecks. Likewise, a low incidence of monetary policy and an underestimation of climate risk were identified within the analyzed system. Consequently, the findings highlight the need to strengthen the effective implementation of public policies through priority investments in tertiary road infrastructure, improvements in transport and storage systems, and greater articulation among sector actors to reduce logistics costs and facilitate access of small and medium-sized producers to formal markets, thereby contributing to a more efficient, competitive, and inclusive agrologistics system in Colombia.