Análisis de riesgos y reconstrucción en procesos de reasentamiento colectivo involuntario: el caso del proyecto hidroeléctrico el Quimbo, Colombia

Abstract

The construction of hydroelectric projects generates displacements of communities around the world. As a strategy to reduce impacts, the generators have implemented collective resettlement processes aimed at the residents of the flooded lands. The objective of this paper is to analyze the involuntary collective resettlement process applied in the development of the El Quimbo hydroelectric project, in the central Andean region of Colombia; the analysis is based on the risk and reconstruction model of Michael Cernea and, from the perception of the social actors involved in the process. The research carried out is of a descriptive nature and was guided by a qualitative approach; In accordance with the main objectives of the work, a review was made of the 8 emerging risks in the collective resettlement processes proposed by the Cernea model and the environmental license of the El Quimbo hydroelectric project, through an applied case study, in one of the four (4) collective resettlements; This allowed us to know the perception that social actors have of the implemented process, among which stand out: impact on their economy, community relations, sources of employment, weakness in the implementation of productive units and social disarticulation.