Evaluación de la calidad del agua por medio de un análisis fisicoquímico a partir de las actividades antrópicas desarrolladas en el caño banderas, municipio de puerto López - Meta.

Abstract

The general objective of the water quality analysis of the Banderas pipe was to evaluate the quality of the water by means of a physicochemical analysis, taking into account the anthropic activities. A quantitative methodology was carried out, through a non-experimental study; Seven sampling stations were determined to carry out the physicochemical analyzes. As a complement, a survey format applied in 47 households was designed. The characterization of anthropic activities reflects that livestock farming; in addition to the location of an economic unit dedicated to the maintenance, repair and parking of motor vehicles that carry out their activities that generate dumping through the runoff process; These activities have factors that directly affect the water source. With the selection of the physicochemical parameters, the relationship between the parameters where the dissolved oxygen (O_2) presented low values, compared to the high frequencies of the biological oxygen demand (DBO5) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD), is established. The above evidences change in the dynamics of the ecosystem, due to the natural creation of stagnant waters according to rainfall in the Banderas stream. In this way, the water quality index gave the body of water presented a regular classification in the first four sampling stations; while the last three stations located in a bad classification; This may be due to the influence generated by the DBO5 and COD parameters, where these values were the highest, impacting the ICA. Finally, the sociodemographic behavior of irregular settlements is evidenced, as well as inadequate practices and ignorance about the use and management of wastewater; automatically formulate, based on this problem, the prevention, control and correction programs for the affectations to the water quality of the Banderas stream, the first is solid waste management which seeks to reduce the inadequate disposal of these wastes; The second program has to do with wastewater management, which seeks, from the construction of septic tanks, to reduce informal discharges. On the other hand, the environmental education program seeks to empower the community in general on the habits, actions and individual and collective authorities to strengthen the conservation and preservation of the environment. The latest reforestation program within the water round focuses on maintaining its water structure and improving the quality of the Caño ecosystems.