Factores geomorfológicos asociados con la susceptibilidad y amenaza por movimientos en masa. Vereda El Tobo, en Timaná, Huila

Abstract

Seen from a geological aspect, the Colombian territory is considered according to IDEAM (S.F), of recent formation and in response to structural events and bioclimatic modifications generated and still in the process of development, in a condition of natural instability. A large part of the Colombian territory has a topography of high slopes, the geology presents, in some cases, unstable soils, and, in addition, when both or one of these two factors meet with the high rainfall, the development of the movements in mass, it is here when the landslide threat analysis becomes important, since it allows the identification of high-risk areas and therefore a good management of the resource. In the municipality of Timaná (Huila, Colombia), precisely on the El Tobo village, there have been records since 1996 of a landslide that currently has an area of ​​approximately 430,000 m2, which has caused several disasters during the last decades due to its constant reactivations, there, various geotechnical and risk management studies have been carried out, but none of them has made a detailed geomorphological analysis that allows understanding the threat and susceptibility to mass movements due to the physical characteristics of the terrain, that is significant since geomorphology is precisely a characteristic that brings together two key natural components for the generation of landslides (topography and geology); In this sense, this degree project is focused on identifying geomorphological factors, and finding the susceptibility and threat of mass movements generated by this factor in the study area.