Revisión bibliográfica sobre las percepciones de personas privadas de la libertad en proceso de reinserción social y cómo este afecta su autonomía personal

Abstract

The objective of this research is to analyze how incarcerated individuals are perceived during their social reintegration process and how this influences the development of their personal autonomy. Theoretically, the study is based on three main categories: social reintegration, personal autonomy, and narrative identity. Methodologically, it was structured as a systematic qualitative review, using its basis for analysis of the experiences reported in academic documents about incarcerated adults in Latin America and Europe. The process included stages of literature search, selection, evaluation, systematization, thematic classification, and interpretive synthesis, using documentary matrices, and applying thematic analysis to the data. The results demonstrate that, while economic circumstances restrict decision-making capacity and foster dependency, autonomy can be gradually rebuilt thanks to protective factors such as self-management, employment, education, and family support networks. A strong affect was also observed in the subjects' biographical narratives, which could be positively transformed through access to academic opportunities. In conclusion, reintegration is a multidimensional phenomenon that demands community and institutional co-responsibility, demonstrating that autonomy goes beyond simple individual will and requires real conditions and opportunities in the environment to forge new life projects.