Logística y comercio electrónico como motores de competitividad en Brasil y Colombia

Abstract

This paper analyzes logistics and e-commerce as drivers of competitiveness in Brazil and Colombia, with an emphasis on last-mile logistics and digital platforms as areas where this relationship is most clearly evident. Throughout the analysis, we examine how the growth of ecommerce in the region has been accompanied by digitization processes, the expansion of technology platforms, and new digital payment systems; however, it is also evident that logistics performance remains one of the main challenges in ensuring efficient deliveries and a satisfactory consumer experience. Similarly, the analysis examines certain limitations related to operating costs, transportation infrastructure, and urban congestion—factors that particularly affect Latin American countries. It also analyzes the incorporation of technologies such as artificial intelligence, fintech, and smart logistics systems within supply chains, highlighting their impact on process optimization and the operational efficiency of e-commerce. Furthermore, it is recognized that digital competitiveness also depends on broader structural factors, including human capital development, investment in innovation, and regulatory frameworks—areas in which both Brazil and Colombia face significant challenges. Finally, the study concludes that, although the competitiveness of e-commerce depends on multiple factors, last-mile logistics is a strategic component for strengthening the sector’s performance and competitiveness in the region.