Análisis y modelación del comportamiento de una vivienda flotante en zonas de inundación en el barrio Santander del municipio de Puerto López - Meta

Abstract

Flooding events are generated by the constant rainfall, the increase in waterproofed areas, the scarcity or inadequate design of a drainage system and the urban expansion towards the water rounds of the tributaries due to the lack of soil availability. The present document consists of analysis and modeling of the behavior of a floating house in flood zones in the Santander neighborhood of the municipality of Puerto López, with which it is intended to solve the problems of soil availability without exposing the community to the different risks that involve flooding events. The model is composed of a floating and a habitable structure, the first one was designed in the form of a barge taking into account the parameters defined in Resolution 1918 of 2015, which modifies Decree 2049 of 1956 (Standard for construction, inspection, repair and classification of river vessels); In addition, an analysis of buoyancy and stability was carried out, with which it was determined that the structure has the capacity to withstand the loads exerted by the habitable part and remain in balance. On the other hand, for the design of the habitable structure, the requirements and specifications of the NSR-10 for a moments resistant steel gantry system were considered, where it was found that the elements are capable of resisting the structure applicants. Additionally, an anchoring system and the provision of basic services were established through a literature review; the first for restrict the horizontal displacements of floating house, preventing it from colliding with other constructions whenever the level of water in the study area increases; where the selected system was the steel parales, because it does not require complex structures for installation, only a metal ring that facilitates the connection of the four parales with the house. In addition, the implementation of solar energy for the electrical system, flexible pipes that allow connection to the water main during flood events and a septic tank integrated in the floating structure for wastewater deposition were proposed. Finally, the budget of the floating housing model was calculated, as a guide for future construction.