Evaluación e identificación de fallas estructurales en puentes, posibles fallas y acciones correctivas.

Abstract

In different parts of the world, bridges have become an essential part for the development of countries, generating development in the political, urban, economic, and social spheres, to guarantee the transit of raw materials, vehicles, people, pack animals and the interconnection between primary, secondary, and tertiary roads or those areas of difficult access (Barrantes Toyes, 2017). In the development of its useful life, progressive affectations or deterioration are generated that affect its stability, operation, durability and safety of operation, due to climatic, geological, seismic factors and lack of maintenance, which can lead from treatable pathologies to the collapse of the bridge if corrective actions are not taken in all time, to avoid this, preservation must be carried out from different points of view to ensure the stability of its elements. This document contains of carrying out an analysis of the bibliographic review to improve the methodologies in the determination of the pathologies and in the possible solutions to them, the scope of this work is purely academic, which indicates that as an exercise, to opt for the title of Civil Engineer; description, suggestions and conclusions can serve as an initiative and/or first proposal for possible solutions to the analyzed structures. For this, 2 bridges are evaluated in the municipality of Coper, where it is recommended to perform structural reinforcements, repair of the fissures by means of the injection of epoxy or repair mortar, Cleaning removing the organic material and with a natural bristle brush remove fungi, jacketing the pillars or stirrups to reduce the impact of water on the structure, installation of railings and lighting, this in direction to preserve the useful life of the same, the above taking into account academic appreciation, not as an action without first carrying out complementary pathological studies.