Comparación de las alternativas de estabilización con cal, cemento, silicato de sodio y aceite sulfonado para vías terciarias con presencia de arcilla en la región de la Orinoquía

Abstract

In Colombia, the tertiary road network plays a fundamental role for the development of the country due to its importance for the connectivity of the centers of production of raw materials with the industrial zone, but despite this, with the passage of time this network is seen increasingly affected in terms of service and quality of infrastructure due to neglect and abandonment. In the department of Meta, these roads play a fundamental role for the development of the population, in addition, they make up 60% of the road network in the region. The tertiary roads throughout their useful life are exposed to any action of nature and man like all infrastructure works, actions that cause damage to their structure. Considering that the government does not have the infrastructure, operational and economic capacity to carry out both preventive and corrective maintenance works, the need arises to explore different alternatives for the improvement and conservation of these roads that are at low cost and easily application; focusing on the soil present in the Orinoquía region, where we find that the presence of clay and silt predominates. In this degree project, the mechanical properties and physical characteristics after the implementation of stabilizing agents (Lime, Cement, Sulfonated Oil and Sodium Silicate) are evaluated as in their initial state replicated in a section of 20 meters in the soil present in the Vereda las Leonas located between the municipality of Puerto López and Puerto Gaitán in the department of Meta. The project has 4 stages, in the first stage the collection of pertinent information for the development of the project was carried out, in the second stage the characterization of the soil present on the road was carried out under the specifications of the National Institute of Roads (INVIAS), in The third stage was carried out with the process of applying the stabilizing agents in different doses (according to the recommendation of the literature and suppliers) on the tread surface, later when the treated soil reached a maturity age of twenty (20) days, in the same way as stage two, the properties were evaluated and the changes obtained were determined. Finally, in the fourth stage, an analysis of the behavior of each of the stabilizers was carried out, where it was possible to identify which of these allows to obtain better results in the physical and mechanical behavior of the soil with the presence of clay in the Orinoquía region.